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Teachers in Brookline, Massachusetts, selected the following problems as their favorites.

1
Mystery addition

In this group of questions students are asked to attach units to numbers in the addition examples so that arithmetic is correct. (Date Revised: 3/12/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Number:Arithmetic Expressions / Equations / Inequalities:Writing
 Number:Arithmetic Expressions / Equations / Inequalities:Evaluating
Technology.
 Requires No Technology
Habits of Mind.
 Working with Units/Dimensional Analysis
 Dealing with Non-Unique Solutions
Duration of Lesson.
 Part of a Lesson
Mathematics Background.
 No Algebra, No Geometry
2
Age-related algebra

Students will use their understanding of basic algebra to translate between verbal age-related descriptions and algebraic expressions. (Date Revised: 6/27/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Algebra and Functions:Expressions and Formulas:Writing and Simplifying Expressions
Technology.
 Requires No Technology
Habits of Mind.
 Modeling / Mathematizing
Duration of Lesson.
 Part of a Lesson
Mathematics Background.
 Some Algebra, No Geometry
3
Graphing motion with numbers

Students will use their understanding of linear functions to extract information from the graphs describing motion at constant speed. (Date Revised: 3/15/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Algebra and Functions:Distance / Velocity / Acceleration / Angular Velocity:General
 Algebra and Functions:Linear Functions:Representations of Linear Functions
Technology.
 Requires No Technology
Habits of Mind.
 Working with Graphs
Duration of Lesson.
 Part of a Lesson
Mathematics Background.
 Some Algebra, No Geometry
4
Triangle with restricted angle sum

In this very short problem, students employ proof by contradiction in a non-formal way, while examining relationships among angles in triangles. (Date Revised: 2/27/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Geometry and Measurement:Triangles:Angle Sum
Technology.
 Requires No Technology
Habits of Mind.
 Proving
Duration of Lesson.
 Part of a Lesson
Mathematics Background.
 Some Algebra, Some Geometry
5
Balance the cookies, or balance the variables

Students solve a system of linear equations by using a balance model. Credits: The idea came from the problem in a Japanese textbook.. (Date Revised: 4/9/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Algebra and Functions:Expressions and Formulas:Using Variables to Describe Situations
 Algebra and Functions:Equations and Inequalities:Systems of Linear Equations
Technology.
 Requires No Technology
Habits of Mind.
 Modeling / Mathematizing
Duration of Lesson.
 Part of a Lesson
Mathematics Background.
 No Algebra, No Geometry
6
Checkers challenge

Students learn addition and subtraction of signed whole numbers by playing two games. One models the numbers using checkers or colored counters; the other uses the same play structure but has students use the numbers themselves. (Date Revised: 3/8/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Number:Real Numbers: Representation / Magnitude / Order / Computation:Operations with Signed Numbers
Technology.
 Non-Electronic Tools and Manipulatives
Habits of Mind.
 Finding Analogies / Structural Similarities / Isomorphisms
Duration of Lesson.
 Approximately One Day's Work
Mathematics Background.
 No Algebra, No Geometry
7
Lattice Point Polygons

Under constraints that make the problem a puzzle, students seek ways of creating various polygons whose vertices have integer coordinates. They review and practice the classification and characteristics of various polygons, and ways to determine the length and perpendicularity of segments. Suitable for homework.Credits: Robert J. Reed, Brown Middle School, Newton, MA. (Date Revised: 3/20/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Geometry and Measurement:Triangles:Classification and Properties of Classes
 Geometry and Measurement:Triangles:The Pythagorean Theorem and Converse
 Geometry and Measurement:Special Quadrilaterals:Classification and Properties of Classes
 Geometry and Measurement:Coordinate Geometry:Distance / Midpoint / Slopes
 Algebra and Functions:Coordinates and Graphs:Graph Coordinate Pairs
 Algebra and Functions:Coordinates and Graphs:Slope / Midpoint and Distance (2D/3D) Formulas
Technology.
 Requires No Technology
Duration of Lesson.
 Approximately One Day's Work
Mathematics Background.
 Some Algebra, Some Geometry
8
Maximum Areas

Students investigate maximum area of triangles with two fixed sides and parallelograms with fixed sides. (Date Revised: 6/28/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Geometry and Measurement:Perimeters / Area / Surface Area / Volume:Area
 Geometry and Measurement:Triangles:Area
Technology.
 Geometry Software
 Requires No Technology
Duration of Lesson.
 Part of a Lesson
Mathematics Background.
 No Algebra, Some Geometry
9
Fill the Square

Students use their knowledge of area and perimeter of triangles, rectangles, and trapezoids to solve puzzles.Credits: Robert J Reed, Brown Middle School, Newton, MA. (Date Revised: 4/11/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Geometry and Measurement:Perimeters / Area / Surface Area / Volume:Perimeter
 Geometry and Measurement:Perimeters / Area / Surface Area / Volume:Area
 Geometry and Measurement:Triangles:Area
Technology.
 Requires No Technology
Duration of Lesson.
 Part of a Lesson
Mathematics Background.
 No Algebra, Some Geometry
10
Number line

Students develop their understanding of representing numbers as points on a number line while practicing their problem solving skills. Credits: Adapted from a curriculum written by Alexander Shen, Moscow, Russia. (Date Revised: 5/14/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Number:Real Numbers: Representation / Magnitude / Order / Computation:Working on a Number Line
Technology.
 Requires No Technology
Habits of Mind.
 Working with Graphs
 Visualization
Duration of Lesson.
 Approximately One Day's Work
Mathematics Background.
 Some Algebra, No Geometry
11
What's the distance between these points?

This problem about the distance between points on a line helps students learn to consider all possible cases. (Date Revised: 5/31/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Number:Real Numbers: Representation / Magnitude / Order / Computation:Working on a Number Line
 Geometry and Measurement:Points / Lines / Planes:General
Technology.
 Requires No Technology
Habits of Mind.
 Finding Analogies / Structural Similarities / Isomorphisms
 Solving by Special Case
Duration of Lesson.
 Part of a Lesson
Mathematics Background.
 No Algebra, No Geometry
12
About sushi

These problems informally introduce students to combining linear equations. They can be used prior to solving systems of linear equations.Credits: By Mark Saul. (Date Revised: 5/31/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Algebra and Functions:Equations and Inequalities:Systems of Linear Equations
Technology.
 Requires No Technology
Duration of Lesson.
 Part of a Lesson
Mathematics Background.
 No Algebra, No Geometry
13
When perimeter equals area (right triangle)

Students are asked to find right triangles with whole number dimensions for which the perimeter and area are equal. Students must find a reason why there are only two such triangles. (Date Revised: 7/9/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Number:Factorization and Divisibility:General
 Geometry and Measurement:Perimeters / Area / Surface Area / Volume:Perimeter
 Geometry and Measurement:Perimeters / Area / Surface Area / Volume:Area
 Geometry and Measurement:Triangles:Area
 Algebra and Functions:Expressions and Formulas:Rational Expressions
Technology.
 Requires No Technology
Habits of Mind.
 Proving
Mathematics Background.
 Some Algebra, Some Geometry
14
Coins in my pocket

Students must find the least number of coins that can be in a given number of pockets, if each pocket must hold a different number of coins.Credits: by Gil French. (Date Revised: 9/13/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Math Without Math:Puzzles:General
 Algebra and Functions:Patterns and Sequences:Arithmetic Sequences and Series
 Discrete Mathematics:Patterns and Sequences:Arithmetic Sequences and Series
Technology.
 Requires No Technology
Habits of Mind.
 Formulating Conjectures / Generalizing / Abstracting
Duration of Lesson.
 Part of a Lesson
Mathematics Background.
 No Algebra, No Geometry
15
What is it?

Various angles and sides of these inaccurate pictures of quadrilaterals are marked congruent. Students analyze the figures and use their knowledge of basic definitions and theorems to determine precisely what kind of quadrilateral the figure is. (Date Revised: 10/4/2001).

Problem, Hints, Solutions, and Answers.
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Topics.
 Geometry and Measurement:Special Quadrilaterals:Classification and Properties of Classes
Technology.
 Requires No Technology
Habits of Mind.
 Proving
 Formulating Conjectures / Generalizing / Abstracting
Duration of Lesson.
 Approximately One Day's Work
Mathematics Background.
 Some Algebra, Some Geometry

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